Lord Of The Flies And Othello Comparison free essay sample

Exposition, Research Paper Ruler of the Fliess and Othello Comparison The antique subject of good versus unethical behavior is introduced in both William Golding s Lord of the Flies ( LOTF ) , and William Shakespeare s Othello. The characters are utilized to demo the contention between the two. Simon and Desdemona who speak to virtue and encapsulate an intrinsic goodness are tested by numerous characters that do non have a similar blessed characteristics who have truly died down to the corruption that is, in each way, their inverse. Jack and Iago speak to the indecency in the books. Tragically in the two pieces we see the death toll for the unadulterated characters through the fastens of impropriety. The unethical behavior does non needfully win, as the two characters keep up their standings as unsloped and entirely unadulterated people, even in their uncouth slayings. Simon and Desdemona obviously speak to all that is acceptable known to mankind. The characters are depicted by the scholars to be truly understanding and sympathetic people. Desdemona communicates in her etymological correspondence and activities, an unpracticed individual, unselfish love and worry for other people. This is evident when Desdemona makes requests for sake Cassio for Othello s pardoning, and in her failure to grok a grown-up female s want to rip off. Cassio has asked Desdemona to do a request to Othello for his arrival to office. Desdemona, being the empathetic grown-up female that she is asks Othello the main open door she gets, Great my Godhead, If I have any beauty or capacity to travel you, His current rapprochement return. For on the off chance that he be non on that genuinely adores you that blunders in numbness, and non in sly I have no feeling in a noteworthy face. I prithee name him back. ( 94-95 ) In spite of the fact that this demonstration of positive attitude makes Desdemona look blameworthy of an issue with Cassio, it other than gives her affection and worry for other people. After Othello s accusals Desdemona exchanges to Emilia about criminal discussion. Desdemona inquires as to whether there be grown-up females make abuse their hubbies in such gross sort? What's more, later says, I do non accept there is any such grown-up female ( 142 ) she can non grok that a grown-up female would make something like this, permit totally execute the offense herself. Simon other than divides that equivalent empathy and feeling of worry for other people. This is shown ordinarily all through the content yet is featured by his consideration for the littluns and Piggy. They talked, shouted out ununderstandably, hauled him towards the trees. At that point, in the midst of the blast of honey bees toward the evening daylight, Simon found for them the natural product they could non make, pulled off the choicest from up in the leaf, passed them down to the perpetual, outstretched sets. ( 57 ) In this scene Simon has all the earmarks of being a Jesus for the littluns. He is unselfish in his work to flexibly everybody with the supplement they have to last. Another instance of this happens when Jack and the huntsmans come back from the Hunt with meat for the entirety of the male childs, aside from Piggy. Piggy is incensed with the mediation he is having, however is still declined meat from Jack. Now Simon cleaned his oral cavity and pushed his bit of meat over the stones to Piggy ( 78 ) Through these and different scenes Desdemona and Simon s amiable attitude and worry for others is made self-evident. Iago and Jack are the main characters in the books that utilization aninnate unethical behaviors to challe nge all characters, especially those that have an inborn goodness. Legit Iago who is an entirely misleading character is persuaded that Nothing can or will content my mind Till I am leveled with him wedded lady for wedded lady. Or on the other hand ignoring along these lines, yet I put the Moor in any event into green-peered toward beast so solid that assessment can non bring around. ( 76 ) Iago’s calumniatory toxicants without further ado face their result, and the Moor seethes over his wife’s envisioned unfaithfulnesss. After numerous equivocations and set-ups Iago has persuaded Othello that Desdemona has non been unwavering. He encourages Othello to Strangle her in her bed, even the bed she hath tainted ( 126 ) His dangerous lies have encompassed the full dramatization and terminal in the killing of Desdemona by the authorities of her caring hubby. Jack initially seems coming out of the # 8220 ; dimness of the timberland. # 8221 ; This picture hints the underhanded capacity he plays in the story. Jack, who is the pioneer of huntsmans, convinces a large number of the male childs to fall in the Hunt and executing of pigs, and thusly of Simon. After the primary hoard is killed Jack gives out the meat gladly to the all the children, aside from Piggy. Jack had intended to go forward him in vulnerability, as an averment of intensity ( 78 ) . Directly before St. simons killing he shouts Make our move! Please! Move! ( 167 ) Jack demands that everybody verbalization in on the rituals. The children get stole away in the devilish move and when Simon slithers out of the wood to partition his cognizance they murder him. Both Jack and Iago spread their unethical behavior and play a significant capacity in the expire of the unpracticed individual. Despite the fact that the killing of the two characters is inappropriate and out of line, the journalists clarify that they have non been adulterated by the unethical behavior that ended their lives. Golding makes a point to painstakingly detail Simon s internment. The accompanying in an apply from his entombment The H2O rose further and appareled Simon s coarse hair with splendor. The line of his cheek silvered and the twist of his shoulder became graven marble. Some place over the obscured bend of the universe the Sun and Moon were howling. Delicately, encompassed by an outskirts of theoretical splendid creatures, itself an Ag structure underneath the resolute designs, Simon s dead natural structure moved out towards the detached ocean. ( Golding 170 ) It is an extremely lovely change from the content and Golding topographic focuses such complement on it to solidify the way that Simon really was a righteous individual, and remains this way in expire. As Desdemona lies in her deathbed she is given one final breath to converse with her medical attendant. The medical attendant requests to cognize who hath done this title? also, Desdemona who has remained delicate and adoring creature answers Nobody-I myself. Goodbye. Compliment me to my sort Godhead. O, goodbye! Desdemona s genuine nature is appeared in her perish. Her capacity to excuse the grown-up male who took her life features the empathy and understanding this grown-up female had. Both Golding and Shakespeare make it truly evident that the unethical behavior and corruptness that encompassed Desdemona and Simons expire do non result them. The subject of good versus indecency is obvious in both LOFT and Othello. Desdemona and Simon who are the unadulterated characters are tested in life by the unethical characters spoke to by Jack and Iago. Despite the fact that the underhandedness wins in ending their lives it is non winning in the fight to distort the unadulterated.

Process Improvement Plan Essay Sample free essay sample

Toward the start of this class understudies were told by the class facilitator to pick a strategy that students perform everyday except would wish to pass less clasp making ( University of Phoenix. 2010 ) . The creator picked the weekday forenoon usual way of doing things including the drive to the train station. as one time in some time the compose would lose the train. In hebdomad one the creator made a stream outline to put periods of the method in reappraisal and investigate the connection between them. Further. the creator gathered the forenoon business as usual data for the accompanying four hebdomads. each piece great as distinguished potential tightening influences inside the technique that may do the compose young lady the train every so often. This paper will cover the record of the â€Å"process control that is worried about observing quality while the product or administration is being produced† ( Chase. Jacobs. A ; Aquilano. p. 354 ) . The paper will talk the cont rol limits of the forenoon business as usual in reappraisal ; the result of any occasional variables and the confirmation interims dependent on the gathered data focuses. We will compose a custom exposition test on Procedure Improvement Plan Essay Sample or then again any comparable subject explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page Measurable Process Control â€Å"Statistical method control ( SPC ) includes demonstrating an irregular example of finished result from a methodology to discover whether the technique is bring forthing focuses inside a preselected scope ( Chase. Jacobs. A ; Aquilano. p. 354 ) . The mean clasp for a forenoon usual methodology during the four-week time frame was 116 proceedingss. or then again one hr and 56 proceedingss. The standard was determined by roll uping to what extent it took the creator from the moment she woke up to the clasp she showed up to the train station every twenty-four hours over the four-week range. The standard dissimilarity for this forenoon business as usual was around seven proceedingss. Standard Deviation was determined with Excel articulation device. A strategy that searches for advancement in the ebb and flow program focuses on putting and taking or cut bringing down of the bing waste. Online networking is one of the recognized choking influences. another elements that other than may hold a negative effect on the structure is climate and traffic. Control Limits Expecting that that the forenoon business as usual could be cultivated each twenty-four hours with no vacillations in the method is absurd. The creator thought of lower control limits ( LCL ) and upper control limits ( UCL ) to put what are is the equivalent lower limit and maximal clasp to complete the technique in reappraisal. The lower control bound is 105 proceedingss and upper control bound is 135 proceedingss. These limits show that each piece long as the strategy in reappraisal bodices inside these time periods the creator is on the correct way. Be that as it may. in the event that the technique drops out of these control limits something went astray and requires additional reappraisal and investigation. The control limits were built up with the guide of the Excel device with give or take three standard divergences from same example normal estimation of 115. 58824 proceedingss. The creator can foresee 99. 7 % of the given perceptions will be in the extent of these limits. Further readings propose that the forenoon usual way of doing things achieved between 105 proceedingss ( LCL ) and 116 proceedingss ( the mean ) fulfills the adequate finishing of the system in reappraisal. On opposite. the forenoon business as usual achieved between 116 proceedingss ( the mean ) and 135 proceedingss ( UCL ) requests improvement. Regular Factors In spite of the fact that the creator dwells in Southern California there are numerous occasional components that can shake the system in reappraisal and cause startling holds. These regular variables incorporate however non constrained to the devotees: †¢ Waking up before the first light takes more time to wake up and dress the children. Four hebdomads prior the Sun rose at 6:50 am verses 6:28 am on the last twenty-four hours of perception. †¢ Rainy yearss make it difficult to procure out of the bed and gain the childs out of the bed. which bargains a fruitful beginning of the method in reappraisal. It other than causes longer driving occasions between place. school. what's more, train station. †¢ Cold conditions has a similar conclusion as the blustery conditions at place. furthermore, takes longer clasp obtaining gowns. Affirmation Time interims Affirmation interims give an expected extent of qualities which is probably going to incorporate an obscure populace parametric amounts. the assessed degree being determined from a given arrangement of test informations ( World Wide Web. details. gla. Air conditioning. Joined Kingdom ) . The creator decided to use 95 % affirmation degree for the mean. The 95 % confirmation degree has a 0. 95 level of possibility of wrapping a genuine estimation of a limitation. This shows the point estimation of the mean clasp for the technique in reappraisal is 116 proceedingss with a slip-up of give or take 7 proceedingss. There is 95 % conviction that the interim 114 proceedingss and 117 proceedingss contains the genuine strategy mean. There is 5 % opportunity that this assurance is inaccurate. Choice Factual methodology control gives auspicious data on whether by and by created focuses are run intoing structured particulars and identify removals in the strategy that signal that future stocks may non run into determinations ( Chase. Jacobs. A ; Aquilano. p. 354 ) . After a complete reappraisal of the writer’s weekday forenoon steering. the method in reappraisal turned out to be all the more convenient and effective. Notices Pursue. R. B. . Jacobs. F. R. . A ; Aquilano. N. J. ( 2006 ) . Activities Management for Competitive Advantage ( eleventh ed. ) . New York. New york: McGraw-Hill/Irwin. Easton. V. J. . McColl J. H. ( ) . Affirmation Intervals. Recovered from hypertext move convention:/www. details. gla. Air conditioning. uk/steps/glossary/confidence_intervals. hypertext markup language

Dont Break Too Hard!

Dont Break Too Hard! When a break such as Thanksgiving occurs, we all feel like the semester is over. However, its not. As a result, it is very easy to forget everything you have learned up until that point due to the family outings, days of pure nothing, and a week off, which seems like a month. One way to keep your studies fresh is to just reflect on your classes and recall the semester momentarily. Doing so, a student can remember the topics or memories of his or her classes. I found recalling funny memories or profound days in class is the best because they stand out the most and lead to less significant recollections of class. Courtesy of Live Science Another thing one can do to keep a class from slipping from memory is to do some homework ahead of time during the  break. This keeps me in tune with my previous homework routine and the subject knowledge needed to do so. Also, as an added benefit, it lets you get back into the rhythm of university life with a bit less work to do. Courtesy of Brunswick Third, a simple way of keeping class information relevant is to speak to friends in classes that you have. By speaking to peers,  you tend to speak about classes or events at school, and inevitably your memories as a student are further solidified. Although simple, speaking to friends will help you keep your studies relevant while not seeming to break your feeling of being on vacation because speaking to peers is far from academics and more of a way to relax socially. Courtesy of Barleys Angels And so, when on break, a student at the University of Illinois cannot forget that the studies they have never take a break. Finding methods which keep you pleasantly in tune with school are key to having a successful whole semester. However, the best thing to remember when coming up with these methods is to enjoy yourself and find where schooling fits in naturally with your holiday break routine. Jacob Class of 2018 I am a transfer student studying Engineering Physics in the College of Engineering. I started with the Illinois Engineering Pathways program through the College of DuPage. I am from Naperville, Illinois.

Dont Break Too Hard!

Dont Break Too Hard! When a break such as Thanksgiving occurs, we all feel like the semester is over. However, its not. As a result, it is very easy to forget everything you have learned up until that point due to the family outings, days of pure nothing, and a week off, which seems like a month. One way to keep your studies fresh is to just reflect on your classes and recall the semester momentarily. Doing so, a student can remember the topics or memories of his or her classes. I found recalling funny memories or profound days in class is the best because they stand out the most and lead to less significant recollections of class. Courtesy of Live Science Another thing one can do to keep a class from slipping from memory is to do some homework ahead of time during the  break. This keeps me in tune with my previous homework routine and the subject knowledge needed to do so. Also, as an added benefit, it lets you get back into the rhythm of university life with a bit less work to do. Courtesy of Brunswick Third, a simple way of keeping class information relevant is to speak to friends in classes that you have. By speaking to peers,  you tend to speak about classes or events at school, and inevitably your memories as a student are further solidified. Although simple, speaking to friends will help you keep your studies relevant while not seeming to break your feeling of being on vacation because speaking to peers is far from academics and more of a way to relax socially. Courtesy of Barleys Angels And so, when on break, a student at the University of Illinois cannot forget that the studies they have never take a break. Finding methods which keep you pleasantly in tune with school are key to having a successful whole semester. However, the best thing to remember when coming up with these methods is to enjoy yourself and find where schooling fits in naturally with your holiday break routine. Jacob Class of 2018 I am a transfer student studying Engineering Physics in the College of Engineering. I started with the Illinois Engineering Pathways program through the College of DuPage. I am from Naperville, Illinois.

The Lovesong Of J. Alfred Prufrock Critical Analysis

â€Å" The Lovesong of J. Alfred Prufrock† by T.S. Eliot’s persona is a middle-aged male who has an unpromising physical environment and will. Much of the poem consists of Prufrock contemplating whether to go forth with a daring act, but to the reader’s dismay this daring act he speaks of is talking to a woman who he seems to have feelings for. Eliot began to write The Lovesong of J. Alfred Prufrock in 1909, and ending at the peak of his first published book, Prufrock and Other Observations, published in 1917. Eliot began graduate study in philosophy at Harvard and completed his dissertation, although the outbreak of WWI impeded him from taking his exams and receiving the degree. By that time, Eliot had already written this particular†¦show more content†¦The poem has an ironic tone which expresses the despair of modern culture through Prufrock. Eliot’s word choice exposes the speaker’s spiteful taciturnus through the feeling of isolation a nd his voluntary defeat on love and life. â€Å"Let us go then, you and I, when the evening is spread out against the sky like a patient etherized upon a table; Let us go, through half-deserted streets,† is an illustration of the usage of â€Å"us†. Initially, one believes that Prufrock is speaking to someone although, he is talking to himself, making his loneliness concrete. One major theme presented is love. Prufrock is much too coward to speak to the person he is in love with and ignores her for most of the poem. â€Å"‘Do I dare?† And â€Å"Do I dare?† Time to turn back and descend the stair† is a moment where he almost overcomes his fear of being rejected. There are more instances like these where he manipulates the reader into believing that he will overcome his fear and ask her. â€Å"Should I, after tea and cakes, and ices, have the strength to force the moment to its crisis?† highlights that Prufrock is much more concerned abou t mundane matters like eating in order to avoid the situation under all circumstances. Through the use of the words strength, force, and crisis, the speaker gives away that he will not profess his love. â€Å"There will be time to murder andShow MoreRelatedThe Lovesong of J Alfred Prufrock by T.S. Eliot5394 Words   |  22 PagesThe Lovesong of J. Alfred Prufrock A Descriptive Paper Presented to the Faculty of College of Arts and Sciences University of the Cordilleras In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements of the Course English 2 Writing in the Discipline 10:20 – 11:45 MWF By Juan Carlos P. Canilao April 2013 TABLE OF CONTENTS TITLE PAGE 1 TABLE OF CONTENTS 2 RESEARCH OUTLINE 3 CHAPTER I: INTRODUCTION 5 CHAPTER II: DISCUSSION 6 Thomas Stearns Eliot amp; Why He Writes Poetry

Tyndall Effect Definition and Examples

The Tyndall effect is the scattering of light as a light beam passes through a colloid. The individual suspension particles scatter and reflect light, making the beam visible. The amount of scattering depends on the frequency of the light and density of the particles. As with Rayleigh scattering, blue light is scattered more strongly than red light by the Tyndall effect. Another way to look at it is that longer wavelength light is transmitted, while shorter wavelength light is reflected by scattering. The size of the particles is what distinguishes a colloid from a true solution. For a mixture to be a colloid, the particles must be in the range of 1-1000 nanometers in diameter. The Tyndall effect was first described by 19th-century physicist John Tyndall. Tyndall Effect Examples Shining a flashlight beam into a glass of milk is an excellent demonstration of the Tyndall effect. You might want to use skim milk or else dilute the milk with a bit of water so you can see the effect of the colloid particles on the light beam.An example of how the Tyndall effect scatters blue light may be seen in the blue color of smoke from motorcycles or two-stroke engines.The visible beam of headlights in fog is caused by the Tyndall effect. The water droplets scatter the light, making the headlight beams visible.The Tyndall effect is used in commercial and lab settings to determine the particle size of aerosols.Opalescent glass displays the Tyndall effect. The glass appears blue, yet the light that shines through it appears orange.Blue eye color is from Tyndall scattering through the translucent layer over the eyes iris. The blue color of the sky results from light scattering, but this is called Rayleigh scattering and not the Tyndall effect because the particles involved are molecules in the air. They are smaller than particles in a colloid. Similarly, light scattering from dust particles is not due to the Tyndall effect because the particle sizes are too large. Try It Yourself Suspending flour or corn starch in water is an easy demonstration of the Tyndall effect. Normally, flour is off-white (slightly yellow). The liquid appears slightly blue because the particles scatter blue light more than red. References Human color vision and the unsaturated blue color of the daytime sky, Glenn S. Smith, American Journal of Physics, Volume 73, Issue 7, pp. 590-597 (2005).Sturm R.A. Larsson M., Genetics of human iris colour and patterns, Pigment Cell Melanoma Res, 22:544-562, 2009.

Racial Profiling And The United Kingdom - 934 Words

Racial profiling has become a highly debatable law enforcement practice over the last two decades. There has been an overwhelming increase of reported instances in which law enforcement personnel have been accused of targeting certain minority groups. This has casted a luminous spotlight on racial profiling, as well as increased tensions between law enforcement and citizens. Two black America s by the Wilson Quarterly reported that New York City police stopped nearly 700,000 people, with 85% of them being either Hispanic or Black. Similar to America, other countries are also having problems with racial profiling such as France and the United Kingdom. Activists in the states describe profiling directed towards a variety of non-whites such as African Americans, Asians, and Hispanics. But in Europe, the spectrum is pointed toward Muslim looking people. Although racial profiling has never been this bad, my question is will we ever really have a colorblind world? Although being stopped, searched and frisked is nothing new for minorities, it has been proven that it has became even more fatal due to officers shooting civilians while still in their vehicle. In his book Driving While Black, Kenneth gives his readers advice about how to handle potentially life threatening situations with law enforcement when behind the wheel. His book also details other important aspects such as Cabs that whiz by only to be seen stopping for safer-looking people just up the block; beingShow MoreRelatedCriminal Profiling1152 Words   |  5 Pagescriminal profiling. Some psychiatrists, criminologists, and psychologists believe there are specific traits, psychological factors that will separate a person from the rest of society. This thesis will explain that criminal profiling will help narrow the list of suspects from rape and homicide by formulating the type of person whom the investigators should be looking for. How long does he or she think criminal profiling has been used in law enforcement? Criminal Profiling CriminalRead MoreRacism : Racial Discrimination And Injustice1257 Words   |  6 Pagesshaping the way humans view each other, but with the aid of Young Women s Christian Association (YWCA) - Stand Against Racism, racial discrimination and injustice can be eliminated. All across the United States, African Americans are faced with racial prejudice, a negative attitude towards a group of people based on race — not on direct knowledge or experience. This kind of racial prejudice began in the 17th and 18th centuries, when Africans were brought to America as slaves. In 1756, an 11 year oldRead MoreOn August 9Th, 2014, In Ferguson, Missouri, Michael Brown,1428 Words   |  6 Pagesand technology. Due to recent media attention and advancing technology the truth behind the racial profiling, police brutality, and the failure of the American Justice System finally came to light, with many solutions being offered. Police officers racially profile minorities, with black and Latino citizens being more prone to stop, searches, and arrests. In the past few decades, most acts of racial profiling and brutality against minorities by the police have frequently been dismissed or concealedRead MoreThe Law Enforcement Must First Achieve Respect And Trust1452 Words   |  6 Pagescooperation of the public, the law enforcement must first achieve respect and trust. Respect is earned over a long period of time from doing heroic and fair acts of justice. Most Americans have a tremendous amount of respect for police officer, however, racial biased events in the past have skewed that respect. America needs its officers to be viewed with respect, but they must earn it first. That may sound very selfish and naive but it is crucial for trust between citizens and officers. The Rand CorporationRead MoreAnalysis Of George Orwell s 1984 1608 Words   |  7 Pagesstate or not. When the citizens have their rights taken away, it is often one of the first signs that a society is becoming a police state. In North America, people are losing their rights in racially biased stop-and-frisks, in the fact that the United States has the second highest incarceration rate in the world, and that criminal investigators use forced interrogation to convict innocent civilians. In New York City, police are allowed to stop and question citizens if they seem suspicious, evenRead MoreThe Social Problem That Is Affecting The Black Community1608 Words   |  7 Pagesworld, it is more like the land of the prisoners. Our country has the highest incarceration rate in the world. It is stated, â€Å"†¦per a population of 100,000 people, 716 are incarcerated†(Wagner, web). When comparing that to the following country, United Kingdom, their ratio is 147 people are incarcerated per every 100,000. These statistics speak endless amounts of words about our country and the pr oblem is occurring right in front of our eyes. Within these high incarceration rates throughout the U.SRead MorePunk And Hip Hop Music1084 Words   |  5 Pagesrealize the troubles of the lower classes. In an aggressive attack at the upper class and even the government, The Sex Pistols wrote â€Å"God Save the Queen;† a song which would shock the entire nation. â€Å"God Save the Queen† attacked the monarch of the United Kingdom and her motives. The Sex Pistols wanted to emphasize how the government mistreated the lower/working class. The song claimed the people were slaves to the government and therefore made decisions based on how the government wanted them to behaveRead MoreWhy America Should Not Be A Multicultural Country Ever Since The 18th Century983 Words   |  4 Pagesbe considered a melting pot of cultures until people stop ‘Americanizing,’ different cultures and start focusing on law enforcement and what people are targeted the most. Within the last five years multiple hate crimes have risen from within the United States. In Ferguson, Missouri a black teenager, Michael Brown was gunned down by an armed police man. Witnesses claimed that Brown was a few yards away from the police man before he was gunned down. In protest to the police brutality people revoltedRead MoreTuskegee1630 Words   |  7 Pagesresearch always has paralleled a cure or treatment. From the beginning of the turn of the 20th century the most unspeakable appalling atrocities against human beings was The Tuskegee Syphilis Study. One of the most horrendous breaches of ethics in The United States history is Tuskegee’s studies and associated research. . The study and the publicity that surrounded the study was one of the major influences leading to the organized arrangement of laws, rules and principles of the ethical treatment forRead MoreCritically Discussion of the Issue of Stop and Search1435 Words   |  6 Pagesinvolving a black individual (Quinton et al, 2000). Despite that there is evidence suggesting that racial disadvantages will cause an increase in young blacks to be involved with crime, suggesting that these suspicions are justified (Waddington et al, 2007). Furthermore, there is little research suggesting that police enforce their prejudices when working on the streets, thus suggesting that racial views are a result of police canteen sub-culture (Waddington, 1999). There is a substantial amount

Genetic Analysis and Cancer Medicine †Free Samples to Students

Question: Discuss about the Genetic Analysis and Cancer Medicine. Answer: Introduction Incidence of cancer occurs due to the mutation in the nucleotide sequence. During the replication of DNA, though the fidelity of the process is high and there are several proofreading and repair mechanisms at work, the possibility of a mutation cannot be ruled out. Some mutations cause change in gene function and can result in cancer. The uncontrolled growth of cells in number causes malignancy and people suffer from cancer. The statistics of cancer occurrence shows an upward trend. As a result the diagnosis and treatment management of cancer have improved considerably and a patient can be treated to achieve reduced mortality. An ageing population leads to increase in the incidence of cancer. Other causes of increase in cases of cancer are smoking, obesity, poor diet and lack of exercise and a lifestyle that is unhealthy. Although these causes are known there is little change in individual behaviour and population behaviour. These reasons have made cancer a public health problem in t he world and in Australia. It is now understood that rather having to go through the difficult procedures of treatment and the discomfort and pain associated with cancer, it is better to work on a public health strategy that can prevent the incidence of cancer. Adoption of better lifestyle, better nutrition and remaining physically active are some such steps. Replication of DNA occurs before cell division and in eukaryotic cells the lengthof the DN to be replicated is very high and so several origins of replication begin the process simultaneously to ensure that all regions are replicated. During replication, the deoxynucleotides dATP, dTTP, dCTP and dGTP are added one at a time due to the action of the enzyme DNA polymerase III. Several checks ensure that the added nucleotide is exactly complementary to the base on the template strands which can be read due to unwinding of the DNA double helix. But even then sometimes incorporation of a wrong base occurs. The proofreading ability of the DNA polymerases helps identify the mistake and it is then repaired through one of the many repair mechanisms. The epsilon subunit of DNA polymerase III plays a role in exonuclease activity that helps in the removal of wrongly incorporated nucleotides. If the repair and proof reading machinery are unable to detect mismatch, a mutation occurs. Some mutations may not cause any harm if they are located in the non-coding regions of the DNA but if a single mutation occurs in the coding region, it can change the polypeptide sequence that is expressed. So, a mutation is an inheritable change in the nucleotide sequence of DNA. Other than mistakes during the process of replication some mutations occur spontaneously and result in an altered nucleotide sequence. DNA damage or dimerization of pyrimidines occurs due to exposure the UV fraction of sunlight, particularly in the DNA of skin cells. Excision repair, recombinatorial repair and error prone repair are mechanisms management that correct the mistakes in the DNA sequence. Normal cells do not divide unless there is an injury but cancer cells continue to divide and invade other tissues when growing. Size of cancer cells and their nuclei is larger or smaller than the normal cells. There is no cell to cell communication between cancer cells and they have the ability to metastasize and spread to other regions of the body. While normal cells respire aerobically, cancer cells respire anaerobically and can evade the immune system. The cancer cells do not perform normal functions, for eg., if the normal function of a cell is to produce the hormone thyroxine, a cancer cell of the thyroid gland may not produce the hormone (Kufe, et al., 2003). Although all cancers are caused due to mutation/s. The causes of mutations can be varied. Smoking, exposure to radiation, exposure to carcinogens, obesity, chronic inflammation, due to poor diet and lack of exercise are the main reasons of occurrence of mutations in tissues. The immune system either is unable to recognize a cancerous growth or the cancer cells are able to evade the immune response. Exposure to sunlight can also cause cancer of the skin. Some cancers are inheritable and it is possible to calculate risks of getting an inheritable cancer by genome analysis. Some examples of inherited cancers are breast cancer, ovarian cancer, and colorectal cancer (Cancer.org, 2017). Treatment of cancer involves killing of the cancer cells by chemotherapy or a combination of chemotherapy and radiation therapy. Some treatments involve immunotherapy through monoclonal antibodies. Other treatments may also include or consist of hormonal therapy. In many cases surgery may be performed to remove a cancerous or malignant tumor and the surgery may be followed by therapy includes one or a combination of the above therapies (Cancer.gov, 2017). Commonly diagnosed cancers in Australia The highest incidence of cancers in Australia are prostate cancer among men or breast cancer among women, colorectal cancer and lung cancer. Melanoma also occurs at a high frequency. 48 cases of skin cancer per 100,000 people in Australia is among the highest rates of incidence in the world. The rise in cases of cancer has been largely attributed to higher life expectancies that have resulted in an ageing population and better methods of screening. In 2012, about 40,000 Australians died due to cancer. Mortality due to cancer has surpassed the number of deaths due to cardiovascular disease. The estimated number of cancer cases diagnosed in 2017 is 134174, of which 72169 cancers were diagnosed in males and 62005 were diagnosed in female patients. Of these, 17586 cases were those of breast cancer in females, 16682 cases of bowel or colorectal cancer, 16665 cases were those of prostate cancer and 12434 cases were cancers of the lungs. 13941 cases of melanoma were also diagnosed (Cancerau stralia.gov.au, 2017). Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) and the somatic cell carcinoma (SCC) are not notifiable cancers in Australia (Cancer.org, 2016). Australia has the highest incidence of skin cancer in the world. The incidence of prostate cancer and breast cancer is highest among men and women respectively. The high incidence is due to increase in life expectancy. As the number of the aged in the population grows, the incidence of these cancers has also resulted in an increase. Another reason for increase in the number of diagnosed cases is that better diagnostic methods and more frequent screenings are able to find cases that remained undiagnosed in the previous decades. The changes in lifestyle, diet and lack of physical exercise are the main risk factors that have increased the number of cancers. An increase in the number of obese individuals has also increased cancer cases in Australia (Aihw.gov.au, 2017). Prevention of cancer is the best way to combat the rising number of cancers. Most ways in which cancer can be prevented are already understood. Cessation of smoking, following a healthy lifestyle that includes a healthy diet and physical activity are the main steps. Active screening that is age -appropriate has been recommended and if symptoms are recognised early, it is possible to reduce prevalence of cancer. The area where most work remains to be done is change in lifestyles of individuals, implementation of better public health policies and registering a change in population behaviour (Colditz, et al., 2012). Conclusion The molecular basis of cancer is well understood and mutations are understood to cause cancer. The individual behaviours that increase the risk of cancer have also been identified. The incidence of cancer and mortality management due to cancer in Australia is on the rise. Statistics show that breast cancer and prostate cancer are high on the list of incidence and bowel cancer is also a major health threat. Although diagnosis and treatment are available, prevention of cancers is the best possible public health approach to cancer. References Aihw.gov.au, 2017. related-material. [Online] Available at: https://www.aihw.gov.au/reports/cancer/cancer-in-australia-2017/related-material [Accessed 2 October 2017]. Cancer.gov, 2017. treatment. [Online]Available at: https://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/treatment [Accessed 2 October 2017]. Cancer.org, 2016. faq.htm. [Online] Available at: https://www.cancer.org.au/about-cancer/faq.html [Accessed 23 September 2017]. Cancer.org, 2017. /cancer-causes.html. [Online] Available at: https://www.cancer.org/cancer/cancer-causes.html [Accessed 2 October 2017]. Canceraustralia.gov.au, 2017. cancer-australia-statistics. [Online] Available at: https://canceraustralia.gov.au/affected-cancer/what-cancer/cancer-australia-statistics [Accessed 26 September 2017]. Colditz, G. A., Wolin, K. Y. Gehlert, S., 2012. Applying What We Know to Accelerate Cancer Prevention.. Science Translational Medicine, 4(127), p. https://doi.org/10.1126/scitranslmed.3003218. Cooper, G., 2000. The Cell: A Molecular Approach.. 2nd edition. ed. Sunderland (MA):: Sinauer Associates; 2000.. Griffiths, A., Miller, J. Suzuki, D., 2000. An Introduction to Genetic Analysis.. 7th ed. New York: W. H. Freeman. Kufe, D., Pollock, R., Weichselbaum, R. al, e., 2003. Holland-Frei Cancer Medicine.. 6th edition. ed. Hamilton (ON): BC Decker; 2003..

A Patient essays

A Patient essays A patient, lethally ill or in very bad pain, does not have the right to commit suicide or die by help of a physician. This, of course, is my opinion and I believe that you should always try to keep them alive as long as possible. If you are suffering and are lethally ill, then that is the way that God has it planned out for you. I dont think that anyone has the right to take his or her own life or take the life of someone else. In this country, taking the life of someone else is a major felony and could result in the death penalty. On the other hand, committing suicide or attempting to commit suicide isnt a crime by any means. In an unusual way, this could contradict itself. Can you really put ownership on life? Do we control our own destiny? Why is it that attempting to commit suicide is completely fine but someone depriving someone else of life will most likely result in the rest of his or her life in a cell? We are losing a life either way so what difference does it make? Ask yourself this is it really our life to take in the first place? Do we own it? Everyone has heard about the mass suicide cults that used to thrive in the 70s and 80s. Was the leader of the cult a criminal? If so, why? He didnt kill any of them; they ended their own lives. He may have mislead them and lied to There is only one state in the entire United States where it is legal for a physician to give a patient lethal medicine if they have a deadly disease and are in severe pain. That state is Oregon. This is only done under very tight conditions. This issue is not specifically mentioned in the laws of Utah, North Carolina, and Wyoming. Conversely, it is a criminal act in every other state. Physician assisted suicide or PAS is a big issue in the medicine world these days. ...

Racial Identity and Religion

Racial Identity and Religion Introduction Cultural differences can be explained using multicultural concepts that may include racial identity and religion. These two concepts can summarize the behavioral norms in both a single cultured and a multicultural society. Both concepts are important in enhancing the development of co-habitation in the contemporary fast growing world.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Racial Identity and Religion specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Multicultural concepts do also come in handy in societal development especially when they tackle the subject in question on an interaction perspective. This is because development does not take place in single isolated variables. They take place in totality. This work gives a brief but comprehensive discussion of the two multicultural concepts which are quite significant in the understanding of cultural differences. Racial Identity It should be noted that the genesis of ra cial concepts is closely related to the classification of human beings. Many racial theories have attempted to demarcate and elevate one particular social group from others, thereby justifying the oppression and exploitation of certain ethnic groups who are presumed to be inferior. The inferiority concept here refers to the level of intelligence, degree of morality, physicality of the individuals in the social group and culture of the social group (Fedelina and Guido-Dibrito, 1999). As a result, there was the institutionalization of enslavement of Africans by the whites. Another act that is related to racialism is the terrorism committed against particular groups. Racial identity is the subjective sense of an invigorating sameness and continuity. The concept is known to interact closely with the social class, culture, gender and other biological factors. Racial identity takes on many forms. The concept begins during the early stages of childhood development and develops rapidly amon gst groups so visibly recognized by race. Such messages are conveyed through metacommunications which are subtle and often unspoken messages that are learned early in life and reinforced without the aid of spoken words. Thus, it may not emanate from the teachings of parents. This is pretty evident especially in racially integrated schools. In such schools, there are racially homogeneous eating areas in lunch rooms. The unspoken rule in these lunch rooms is that boundaries must not be violated. Thus, whites eat with whites; blacks eat with blacks, Hispanics with Hispanics and so forth. This instance explains the fact that even without parents verbal teachings on racial orientations, racialism can still be conveyed implicitly in racially segregated housing patterns and socioeconomic relationships.Advertising Looking for research paper on cultural studies? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More As an individual matures, he or she develops a personality that is informed by social and moral attitudes, behaviors, and feelings. It should be noted that social and personality developments are strongly intertwined with racial presumptions that are learned through copying (Fedelina and Guido-Dibrito, 1999). This habit is internalized and further enhanced by the need to conform the prevailing racial norms so that the individual’s characters are socially acceptable. It is quite disheartening to understand that racial segregation still has its roots in the modern society. In places where race is still a powerful divider, sociocultural backgrounds and ethnical similarities do not matter a lot even if it is within the particular social group. The reality of sociocultural and ethnical similarities is quite irrelevant in such situations. A good example is the relationship between the Whites and the Blacks in America. Their cultural similarities are so obvious to people living outside the United States. However, racial spheres still exist and it is the major tool that obfuscates the two races. Religion Religion is the culture of a belief in a deity or a superior being that is believed to control natural phenomena among those who practice it. Religion concerns with nature and life’s purpose especially when viewed in the perspective of creation and a holy being (Culture and religion, 2010). Religion is actually a wide subject that requires extensive research concerned with the development of personalities in a multicultural society. There are so many religions at present and they include Islam, Christianity, Judaism, Shinto, Buddhism, Hinduism and Jainism among many others. The above are just the major religions. Otherwise, there are many other religions whose beliefs are practiced by fewer numbers of the population. In a multicultural society, it is quite difficult to enhance specific religious convictions. In the western society, for example, Caucasian, Afro-Caribbean, South Asian an d Chinese people jostle every street. The presence of these people comes along with different cultural and religious backgrounds. Such kinds of society are usually faced with the problems of decisions on how to adjust to make their own ways. Such people may insist upon many religious beliefs as essential tools for the satisfactory livelihood of the entire community in question. Thus, there must be a visible line that distinguishes between religion and culture is such a pluralistic society (Culture and religion, 2010).Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Racial Identity and Religion specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More It is here that pluralism must take effect so as to take care of the various modes of freedom. These forms of freedoms include the freedom to believe or not to believe, and the freedom to conform or not to conform. Also in this system lies the freedom from the domination of one religious group. Religi ous beliefs are taught to children and enhanced through internalization and the need to maintain the individuality and character of the religion. Some people tend to be exclusivists by thinking that only their religion is right. Integration plays a major role in the adaptation and acceptance of different religious groups. It is through integration, adaptation and acceptance that a particular religious group may secure homes, incomes, and amenities together with other different groups. In many urban multicultural societies, religious affiliations have continued to diminish in use as a benchmark for public decision making. The act of assimilation in exclusivist societies is quite difficult taking into consideration that most of these societies come from rural backgrounds. Exposure to different religious beliefs other than ones own is a factor that plays a big role in acceptance of the other religions. However, it should be noted that integration of particular religious groups is quite different from assimilation. Assimilation is not easy when dealing with enhancement and maintenance of a particular religion. However, integration is quite easy because it comes along with acceptance that means trust. As it is well known, trust is not a threat to the society as a whole. Conclusion Many racial theories have attempted to demarcate and elevate one particular social group from others, thereby justifying the oppression and exploitation of certain ethnic groups who are presumed to be inferior. Racial identity is the subjective sense of an invariant sameness and continuity. The concept is known to interact closely with the social class, culture, gender and other biological factors. On the other hand, religion is the culture of a belief in a deity or a superior being that is believed to control natural phenomena among those who practice it. In a multicultural society, religion requires integration to develop the culture of acceptance and adaptability.Advertising Looking for research paper on cultural studies? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Reference List Culture and religion, (2010). Culture and Religion: Thoughts on Religion. Retrieved from cultureandreligion.com/html/thoughts_on_religion.html Fedelina, A., Guido-Dibrito, F. (1999). Racial and Ethnic Identity and Development. New Directions For Adult And Continuing Education. No. 84. Web.

LOreal Consultancy Report Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

LOreal Consultancy Report - Essay Example Following in part four the report will identify organizations and alliances, what impact they may have on the industry and on the competitive position of L'Oreal. Finally, I determine what strategic options are the most appreciate to this organization to ensure its success in the next five years. The sales of cosmetics and toiletries is on the rise after it slowed down globally in 2004, the world market was valued at $253 billion in 2005. With a positive growth after sentimental recovery from SARS scares and the war in Iraq (GCI, 2006), with strong cosmetic sales in Latin America and Eastern Europe, peaking in Western Europe the largest market. According to indications there was a 4% growth in 2004, an according to the Global Cosmetic Industry Magazine the Euromonitor International forecast of a possible 20% can be obtained if current key trends are followed. Dividing the world cosmetic market in two sections, the mature and the developing markets, it is possible to show where sales are peaking, and where there are still opportunity for expansion. The mature markets can this be seen as Western Europe, Asia Pacific, North America and Latin America as this are where the lion share of the market currently lies. Many of the consumers in this mature market demand more sophisticated products and due the amount of competition product prices needs to be reduced if a company wants to stay competitive. The one market in this section that shows promise are China and most of the high profile players are entering this new market, such as Este Lauder and P&G, with retailers including Sephora and Sa Sa, and direct sellers Avon, Alticor, Mary Kay and New Skin (GCI, 2006). Developing markets can be seen as Venezuela, Vietnam, New Zealand, Australia, South Africa and Russia. In 2003 Vietnam showed a 19% growth in cosmetic sales even though demand are still concentrated in the urban areas, offering ample opportunity to expand. The South African market showed a healthy growth as consumers started to buy high margin multi-functional products. With more black South Africans entering the middle income group with the governments aggressive affirmative action policy,

Comparison Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 4

Comparison - Essay Example At the end of the play, Nora’s secrets get reveled to Torvald and she discovered that despite of her eight years marriage with Torvald, she must find courage to leave him. â€Å"Trifles† written by Susen Glaspel is based on a true story. It revolves around investigation of the murder of a farmer John Wright. The prime suspect of the murder is John Wright’s wife, Mrs. Wright; who claims she was sleeping when someone strangled her husband. The investigation is carried out by the sheriff, his wife, the attorney and two neighbors Mr. and Mrs. Hale. In this play, it has been shown that men discourage women and their capabilities. The investigation carried out by the men is entirely based on forensic evidence where women critically analyzed the case accordingly. Therefore by comparison, we will be able to observe that both dramas discus about what it means to be a woman; how men are found to be holding power over women; role of two genders have always seen to evolve an d change especially in the case of women that they have always struggled for their rights. Also we shall see how women can take an action and stand up for themselves. However we shall also put light on the difference of both women’s character. In comparison of both dramas, gender identity has found to be the main aspect in which a evaluation can be made. In â€Å"Trifles†, it has been seen that the sheriff, the attorney and Mr. Hale ignore the point of view of Mrs. Wright and neglect the critical evidences of the dreary marriage life that Mr. and Mrs. Wright had. Basically the argument of this drama is ‘how woman worry over trifles’ and one can analyze that the play successfully depicts the qualities of women as they tend to worry over minor things. In the same way the play â€Å"A Doll’s House† depicts the characters of woman living a troublesome married life. Nora’s husband Torvald in

Death In Shakespeares Hamlet

Death In Shakespeares Hamlet The Issue Of Death In Shakespeares Hamlet And Its Relation To The Renaissance Thinking The issue of death is inseparably linked with a traditional idea of tragedy. Such ancient dramatists as Aeschylus, Euripides, Seneca and Sophocles implemented the theme of death into their dramatic works to reflect the essence of their own times and the attitude of ancient people towards death. Their treatment of death was presented through serious and tragic elements that intensified a portrayal of certain events and characters, but the concept of death was restricted by the ancient religious dogmas. The Renaissance gave birth to new visions and interpretations of various issues of existence, especially concerning life and death. According to William Engel (2002), The decline and decay of every individual is an old theme with many ways of being expressed during the Renaissance (p.14). Although William Shakespeare, a famous English dramatist of the Renaissance period, constantly applies to various aspects of death in his tragedies, he goes beyond the ancient and Renaissance conceptio n on death. Shakespeare interprets the issue of death through both tragic and comic elements, making an attempt to solve one of the most crucial issues of that era. The dramatist revives some medieval customs associated with death and interprets them through the Renaissance vision. His idea of death is connected with both religious dogmas and atheistic values; for him, death simultaneously embodies everything and nothing. The aim of this essay is two-fold: 1) to analyse the empowerment of death in Shakespeares play Hamlet and 2) to evaluate the concepts relation with the Renaissance thinking of Michel de Montaigne, Thomas More, Sir Walter Raleigh and Desiderius Erasmus Roterodamus. In Renaissance England death was perceived as a mysterious phenomenon that aroused debates among Elizabethan philosophers, priests and writers (Cressy, 1997, pp.465-468). The lack of knowledge in regard to various diseases resulted in constant increase of mortality rates. Thus, death was regarded as a leveller that eliminated social inequality, that is, both the poor and rich could die of an incurable illness or be murdered (Duddley, 1999, pp.277-281). Executions and mutilations were usually conducted in public and were rather popular among certain groups of British population. As Michael Neill (1997) puts it, death and other funerary issues constitute a crucial part of any Elizabethan drama that is aimed at transforming individual death into a common recollection (pp.12-17). During Elizabethan ruling various funeral images and buildings were created in Britain, so that people could constantly think of their mortality (Gittins, 1984, pp.140). Death became an integral part of British existence; as Nigel Llewellyn (1991) claims, Images reminding people about their own mortality were to be found in all kinds of public and private situations In early Modern England, Death always accompanied the individual on the streets or at home among the family (p.25). Thus, Renaissance literature reflects this aesthetics of death, as Neill claims (p.356). In this regard, William Shakespeares Hamlet is also overwhelmed with characters deaths that usually come out from revenge or deception. This is just the case with almost all principal characters of the play. For instance, Laertes, Ophelias brother, is masterfully deceived by Claudius and dies. Claudius makes Laertes avenge Hamlet who is accused of the murder of Laertes father. As Claudius claims, Laertes, was your father dear to you? / Or are you like the painting of a sorrow, / As face without heart? (Shakespeare, 1985 4.7.107-109). Although Hamlet makes an attempt to apologise for Polonius death, Laertes refuses to forgive him, because he feels fury and anger, as his sister Ophelia and his father Polonius are dead. Laertes utilises the poison sword during the dual, but Hamlet accidentally changes the sword and kills Laertes. Ophelias death does not fall under the category of revenge; instead her suicide is closely connected with her sexual desires towards Hamlet. As Jonathan Dollimore (1998) puts it, Death inhabits sexuality: perversely, lethally, ecstatically (p.xi). As Ophelia experiences strong desires for the P rince, she implicitly wishes death. Dollimore (1998) demonstrates that there is a close connection between sexual desires and death; the Renaissance ideas on love reveal that love is a changing phenomenon, and if it is so, sexual desires are also exposed to changes. With the loss of love and desires a person starts to feel a desire for death. According to Dollimore (1998), For the Jacobeans, as for us, what connects death with desire is mutability the sense that all being is governed by a ceaseless process of change inseparable from an inconsolable sense of loss (p.xii). Such a thought is consistent with a Christian dogma that human desires bring destruction and death, as is just the case with Eves desire for an apple. Claudius death also conforms to the Christian principles; he is punished for his cruel actions and is killed by Hamlet. Claudius obsession with wealth and power results in many deaths and troubles; thus Shakespeare reveals that Claudius deserves death. But despite so many deaths, Shakespeares treatment of the issue of death is especially obvious through his portrayal of Hamlet who is presented as a person preoccupied with the idea of death and the Ghost of King Hamlet. It is through these characters that the dramatist reveals his ambiguous representation of the principal theme. From the very beginning Hamlet reflects a youthful idolization of death, living life as a journey toward death (Engel, 2002, p.10); although he is afraid of the Ghost, he tries to get in touch with him. Initially Hamlet is anxious about death, because he does not know what awaits him after death. Hamlet reflects his anxiety in his famous soliloquy To be or not to be, where he demonstrates the controversy of the issue of death. As he claims, But that the dread of something after death, / The undiscovered country from whose bourne / No traveler returns, puzzles the will / And makes us rather bear those ills we have / Than to fly to others we know not of (Shake speare, 1985 3.1.86-90). However, as Hamlet collides with cruelty, murders, injustice and deaths, he seems to form a certain unconcern towards death. In his search of revenge, Hamlet thinks much about death and afterlife. But these attempts to revenge for his father are only a prerequisite to Hamlets thoughts of committing suicide. This obsession with death gradually drives him mad; William Shakespeare demonstrates this obsession with implicit mockery. For instance, when Hamlet kills Ophelias father, he is not able to remember, where he hides his body; instead he starts to madly speak about the worms that eat a dead body. Shakespeare demonstrates that even Hamlets appearance shows his obsession with death; he wears black clothes and looks depressed. In the graveyard scene Shakespeare intensifies Hamlets preoccupation with death, revealing Hamlets gloomy thoughts. As he claims, No, faith, not a jot; but to follow him thither with modesty enough and likelihood to lead it; as thus: Alexander died, Alexander was buried, Alexander returned into dust; the dust is earth (Shakespeare, 1985 5.1.201-206). In fact, the image of the grave is shown several times throughout the play to reveal the characters attitud e towards death. With the exception of Hamlet, all characters demonstrate fear and pity at the sight of the grave that they associate with death. As Hamlet constantly thinks of death, he does not value his own life, as well as other peoples lives. As a result, Hamlet appears to be also responsible for the death of Ophelia, Claudius, Polonius, Guildenstern and Rosencrantz. Thus, Hamlets obsession transforms him from a miserable youth into a cruel murderer. However, contrary to other characters deaths that are portrayed with a certain degree of irony, Hamlets death is depicted in more serious terms. From the very beginning of Shakespeares play each death seems to be blackened and is soon forgotten by other characters. For instance, Hamlet demonstrates that his fathers death is already neglected by people, although King Hamlet died only a couple of months ago. When Horatio claims, My lord, I came to see your fathers funeral, Hamlet responds: I prithee, do not mock me, fellow student. I think it was to see my mothers wedding (Shakespeare, 1985 1.2.183-185). Such an ironic viewpoint reveals that even the most generous people are forgotten. The death of Polonius is also ignored by the principal characters; Ophelia and Laertes are too preoccupied with their emotions and feelings to remember their father, and Hamlet who accidentally kills Polonius expresses o nly some sympathetic words: Thou wretched, rash, intruding fool, farewell (Shakespeare, 1985 3.4.38). Ophelias death is described in even more ironical portrayal, as the dramatist presupposes that her death is a result of suicide and asks: Is she to be buried in Christian burial, when she wilfully seeks her own salvation? (Shakespeare, 1985 3.4.38). Similar to Ophelias death, the deaths of Gertrude, Claudius, Guildenstern and Rosencrantz are able to arouse only sympathy in readers. In this regard, Hamlets death stands out against a background of other deaths; it evokes respect and powerful emotions towards the character. Although Hamlet expresses irony to death throughout the play, his death is a tragedy for those who knew him. As Horatio claims, Now cracks a noble heart. / Goodnight sweet prince. And a flight of angels sing thee to thy rest (Shakespeare, 1985 5.2.397-398). Hamlets death is the tragedy for the whole country, because it has lost its noble king and can hardly find another great person. Fortinbras considers that For he was likely, had he been put upon, to have proved most royal Speak loudly for him (Shakespeare, 1985 5.2.443-446). Hamlets noble death corresponds with the ideas of death maintained by such a Renaissance philosopher as Michel de Montaigne (1910) who claims that death uncovers the true essence of a person. According to him, a person can be really judged at his/her last moments. The similar attitude towards death is revealed by Sir Walter Raleigh who claimed that only death could provide people with real understanding of life. During his imprisonment Raleigh demonstrated real courage and was not afraid of death. As he wrote in the latter to his wife, I perceive that my death was de termined from the first day (Raleigh, 1940, p.82). In this regard, Hamlets real self is obvious only after his death. At the end of the play Hamlet accepts his death with courage and inevitability. However, Shakespeare demonstrates that, despite Hamlets indifference to life, he needs much time and courage to prepare himself for killing and death. As Hamlet observes numerous deaths, he becomes immune to his own fortune. He starts to perceive death with irony, realising that life has no value for him. To a certain extent, it is Hamlets insanity that helps him to adjust to the idea of death and succeed in his revenge. As Hamlet collides with cruel reality, he seems to be mentally destroyed by it: Who does it, then? His madness. Ift be so, / Hamlet is of the faction that is wrongd; His madness is poor Hamlets enemy (Shakespeare, 1985 2.233-235). Simultaneously, the principal character manages to create an ironical attitude towards death that is intensified by the utilisation of Biblical and classical allusions. For instance, Hamlets revenge resembles the classical story of Priam and Pyrrhus; when Priam kills the father of Pyrrhus, the latter decides to kill Priam in revenge. In Hamlets case the irony is explained by the repetition of the situation, but Hamlet finds it difficult to succeed in his revenge; he avoids some fortunate situations and kills Claudius only at the end of the play. Another allusion is taken from the Bible: when Shakespeare (1985) mentions the primal eldest curse A brothers murder (3.3.40-41), he draws a parallel between the story of Cain and Abel with the murder of King Hamlet by Claudius. Although Claudius seems to ask for forgiveness in the church, he does not really repent of his action. When Hamlet recognises the truth about his fathers death, he decides to make a play The Murder of Gonzago, where h e implicitly depicts the murder of his father by King Claudius. Ironically, the play has a great impact on Hamlet who has to suppress his desire to kill Claudius and his mother Gertrude. As he states, Let not ever the soul of Nero enter this firm bosom. / Let me be firm, not unnatural. / I will speak daggers to her, but use none (Shakespeare, 1985 3.2.426-429). As Agrippina, the character of the play The Murder of Gonzago, is killed by her son Nero, Hamlet is afraid of his desire to also kill his mother. Another element of death that Shakespeare strengthens in his play is the Dance of Death that is crucial for understanding the dramatists interpretation of the issue. In the Renaissance this dance was performed in the form of a carnival, during which some people disguised themselves into skeletons and guided other people into afterlife. As a humorous festivity, the Dance of Death was popular among different groups of people and was depicted in many dramatic works (Freedberg, 1989). The image of the Dance of Death occupies the principal place in Hamlets graveyard scene. In Hamlets conversation with the gravedigger, Shakespeare uncovers many important issues of existence. For instance, Hamlet asks Did these bones cost no more the breeding but to play at loggets with them? Mine ache to think ont (Shakespeare, 1985 5.1.91). The Dance of Death ha s a great impact on Hamlet, especially when he sees the skull of his friend Yorick who occupied a position of fool in the court during his life (Triggs, 1990, pp.73-76). Hamlet realises that death is inevitable for all people, as he puts it, We fat all creatures else to fat us and we fat ourselves for maggots. Your fat king and your lean beggar is but variable service two dishes but to one table (Shakespeare, 1985 4.2.21-24). But this scene also reveals that the gravedigger and Hamlet are blasphemous in their treatment of death, although to a different extent (Frye, 1979, pp.17-22). As the gravedigger prepares the grave for Ophelia, he sings songs; Hamlet regards this action as awful, although his further action is more cruel. When he finds Yoricks skull, he begins to mock at him, simultaneously laughing at death: Where be your gibes now? your gambols? your songs? your flashes of merriment that wont to set the table on a roar? Not one now to mock your own grinning? Quite chapfallen? (Shakespeare, 1985 5.1.196-199). Such an ironic vision of the principal character reveals Hamlets inner degradation; Ewan Fernie (2002) considers that Hamlet involves into the depth of mortality and destruction, because he feels shame that makes him regard death in an easy and obscure manner. Hamlet thinks that the inner destruction is a necessary prerequisite of revenge, and the failure of this tragic hero works against the i llusion and the tyranny of the self (Fernie, 2002, p.225). Although death is a natural phenomenon, Shakespeare demonstrates that people imagine and endure death before they really die, as the ancient culture forms an attitude of people towards death based on suffering and purgatory. As Stephen Greenblatt (2001) puts it, by the late Middle Ages in Western Europe, Purgatory had achieved both a doctrinal and a social success (p.14). In other words, it not only concerned the religious side and the idea of existence, but was also associated with society and its attitude towards reality. In the sixteenth century there were two religious groups in Britain Catholics and Protestants; the first group maintained the idea of Purgatory, while the second group opposed it. Although during the Renaissance period Protestants made everything to eliminate the principles of Purgatory, Shakespeare demonstrates that Purgatory was also closely connected with cultural beliefs of British people. In this regard, the Ghost of King Hamlet confirms to the dogma of Purgatory, as he appears as a creature that suffers much because of his murder and that demands revenge. In fact, the very image of the Ghost brings up the question of death and supernatural elements, simultaneously demonstrating an ambiguous attitude of Renaissance literature towards the issue of death. On the one hand, on the example of his principal character Shakespeare reveals peoples wish to communicate with dead people, but, on the other hand, he shows the wish of the dead to communicate with human beings. Thus, the Ghost in the play seems to ask not only for revenge, but also for recollection. Despite the fact that Shakespeare does not utilise the word purgatory in regard to the Ghost, the dramatis t implicitly mentions that the Ghost comes back from this particular place. As Shakespeare (1985) states, Doomed for a certain term to walk the night / And for the day confined to fast in fires, / Till the foul crimes done in days of nature / Are burnt and purged away (1.5.11-14). Purgatory, mystery plays and various medieval rituals were prohibited by the Church of England in the era of Reformation, destroying many important aspects of English culture. Purgatory was closely connected with the beliefs in phantoms, that is why the Church made everything to suppress the spread of these beliefs. However, Renaissance tragedy seems to revive some earlier traditions and customs associated with the dead, and Shakespeare is considered to be one of the principal Renaissance dramatists who combine medieval and Renaissance cultural traditions. Making the Ghost come back from Purgatory, Shakespeare simultaneously signifies the revival of the very concept of Purgatory, although in a changed form. In this regard, William Shakespeare resembles a famous Renaissance philosopher Desiderius Erasmus Roterodamus (1994) who also rejected many religious dogmas of Protestants and tried to revive some traditions, such as Purgatory. In his work Praise of Folly (1509) Erasmus reveals an ironical vision towards the issue of death, although he believed in God. According to Greenblatt (2001), Shakespeares play takes part in a cult of the dead (p.203), investigating in depth various aspects of death. Shakespeare demonstrates that Purgatory is an important tool for preserving a connection between society and continuity, between life and death; thus the rejection of the principles of Purgatory is considered by the dramatist as the destruction of the Renaissance cultural traditions. In this context, Shakespeares interpretation of the issue of death corresponds with the thinking of such conservative philosophers as More, Erasmus, Montaigne and Raleigh. In particular, Sir Thomas More in his works The Supplication of Souls (1529) and The Last Things demonstrates the importance of Purgatory for saving the ghosts and establishing relations between the quick and the dead. Thomas More also discusses the issue of death through the Seven Deadly Sins that are closely connected with Purgatory (More, 1997, pp.142-160). On the other hand, Shakespeare does not explicitly reveal his support for the issue of Purgatory. Although he challenges the Reformists rejection of Purgatory, he avoids taking one or another side. Shakespeare shows that the image of the Ghost is crucial for the Renaissance public, as Ghost stories were an integral part of British cultural traditions. Despite the fact that other Renaissance tragedies also portray the images of Ghosts, Shakespeares interpretation of the issue greatly differs from other interpretations. As Greenblatt (2001) puts it, Shakespeares ghost is presented in three different images: the Ghost as a figure of false surmise, the Ghost as a figure of historys nightmare, and the Ghost as a figure of deep psychic disturbances (p.157). All these images demonstrate that Shakespeare treats the Ghost in a rather serious way, cons idering that it can give answers to some issues of existence, albeit the dramatist does not reveal these answers; he simply points at the possibility to get these answers. The fact is that Shakespeare intentionally makes the Ghost a controversial creature, so that readers can interpret this image in their own ways. The controversy of the Ghost reflects the controversial attitude of Elizabethan society to the issue of death and afterlife. If the Ghost is thought to come back from Purgatory, then Hamlet may believe that it is the Ghost of his father who suffers much and is in search of revenge (Low, 1999, pp.463-472). However, the Ghost may also appear to come back from Hell; in this regard, his aim is to turn Hamlet into insanity. William Shakespeare reveals this controversy, but he does not solve it. The issue remains open throughout the play and is aggravated with the disappearance of the Ghost. Greenblatt (2001) even claims that purgatory exists in the imaginary universe of Hamlet and [it provides] many of the deep imaginative experiences, the tangled longing, guilt, pity and rage evoked by More (p.252). However, the deaths of Hamlet and other principal characters of the play uncover the truth about these people. In particular, throughout the narration Hamlet pretends to have a secret, althou gh he does not reveal it, but at the end he seems to expose his heart and all his secrets: Thou wouldst not think how ill alls here about my heart; but it is no matter It is but foolery (Shakespeare, 1985 5.2.208-211). Hamlet tries to fool other characters, but instead he fools himself, as he is not able to admit that he is also afraid of death. Analysing the treatment of death in William Shakespeares play Hamlet, the essay suggests that the play contributes much to the Renaissance debate on the issue of death. In particular, the dramatist goes beyond the ancient and Renaissance understanding of death, reviving some medieval death customs in Hamlet and challenging the traditional religious dogmas in regard to death. Introducing the image of the Ghost of King Hamlet, Shakespeare brings up the crucial issues of life and death and eliminates the suppression of the Purgatory concepts. According to the dramatist, the suppression of some earlier beliefs, such as the belief in Purgatory, destroys Renaissance culture. Shakespeares thinking cooperates with the thoughts of such philosophers as Erasmus, Raleigh, More and Montaigne who also demonstrate the necessity to preserve the medieval beliefs and traditions and who believe that a person reveals his true self only at death, while life is a preparation for death. However, Shakespeare avoids supporting either side of the Renaissance death debate; although he revives some concepts, he does not provide an explicit answer to the controversial issue of death. In this regard, the reasons for his characters death are also different; such characters as Hamlet and Laertes die because of their anger and revenge, Claudius dies because of his murderous actions, Ophelia dies as a result of her madness and sexual desires towards Hamlet, while her father Polonius and Hamlets mother die from an unintentional murder, similar to Guilde nstern and Rosencrantz. Applying to these characters deaths, Shakespeare reveals both serious and ironical attitude to death that, on the one hand, reflects Renaissance preoccupation with death, while, on the other hand, demonstrates his own philosophical treatment of this crucial issue. References Cressy, D. (1997). Burial, Marriage and Death. New York: Oxford University Press. Dollimore, J. (1998). Death, Desire, and Loss in Western Culture. New York: Routledge. Dudley, S. (1999). Conferring with the Dead: Necrophilia and Nostalgia in the Seventeenth Century. ELH 66.2, 277-294. Engel, W. E. (2002). Death and Drama in Renaissance England: Shades of Memory. Oxford and New York: Oxford University Press. Erasmus, D. (1994). The Praise of Folly. Prometheus Books. Fernie, E. (2002). Shame in Shakespeare. London and New York: Routledge. Freedberg, D. (1989). The Power of Images. Chicago: Chicago University Press. Frye, R. M. (1979). Ladies, Gentlemen and Skulls: Hamlet and the Iconographic Traditions. Shakespeare Quarterly 30.1, 15-28. Gittings, C. (1984). Death, Burial, and the Individual in Early Modern England. London: Croom Helm. Greenblatt, S. (2001). Hamlet in Purgatory. Princeton: Princeton University Press. Llewellyn, N. (1991). The Art of Death: Visual Culture in the English Death Ritual 1500-1800. London: Reaktion Books, 1991. Low, A. (1999). Hamlet and the Ghost of Purgatory: Intimations of Killing the Father. ELR 29.3, Autumn, 447-463. Montaigne, M. de. (1910). The Works of Montaigne. New York: Edwin C. Hill. More, T. (1997). The Yale Edition of The Complete Works of St. Thomas More. Vol.1. English Poems, Life of Pico, The Last Things. A. S. G. Edwards, C. H. Miller K. G. Rodgers (Ed.). New Haven: Yale University Press. Neill, M. (1997). Issues of Death: Mortality and Identity in English Renaissance Tragedy. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1997. Raleigh, S. W. (1940). Sir Walter Raleigh to his Wife. In M. L. Schuster (Ed), A Treasury of the Worlds Great Letters (pp.81-85). New York: Simon and Schuster. Shakespeare, W. (1985). Hamlet, Prince of Denmark. In P. Edwards (Ed.), The New Cambridge Shakespeare. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Triggs, J. A. (1990). A Mirror for Mankind: The Pose of Hamlet with the Skull of Yorick. The New Orleans Review 17:3, Fall, 71-79.

Information and Communication Technologies Essay -- Technology, Digita

NOTHING STAYS THE SAME Change is a constant feature of contemporary society, and much of it seems to be instigated by the rapid and continuing development and use of information and communication technologies (ICTs). This is certainly true as far as the information professions are concerned, as ICTs modify how information is collected, processed, communicated, stored, retrieved and even interpreted, effectively creating different understandings of three of constituent elements of information work : the containers of information (documents); the means by which they can be communicated; and the tools which are used to manage them. One of the more significant recent technological developments is that of digital libraries (DLs), which have provided LIS educators with the opportunity to reconceptualise and retheorise their academic zone as well as assisting in rejuvenating and enhancing professional practice. What are DLs – and how are they different from traditional libraries or, indeed, ‘digital repositories’, ‘digital curation’ and ‘digital archives’? It is agreed that the term ‘digital library’ remains unclear and contested and still has a variety of potential meanings which range from ‘database’ to ‘a digitised collection of material’ similar to that which one might find in a traditional library. The definition most frequently quoted and used is that developed by the Digital Library Federation (DLF): Digital libraries are organizations that provide the resources, including the specialized staff, to select, structure, offer intellectual access to, interpret, distribute, preserve the integrity of, and ensure the persistence over time of collections of digital works so that they are readily and economically avai... ...ple are able to find information and use it. The social implications of a world in which information is distributed almost without institutions are not understood. What does this mean for universities, for education, for publishers? (Lesk, 1997, p. 5). There is little doubt that the general public now have access to a great deal more information (from the internet, in particular) than has ever before been possible – so much so, that many think that information was invented by the internet. Whether people always find what they want, whether the information they find is of the best quality, whether they understand the information they retrieve and what they do with the information once they have located it, are all questions that remain largely unanswered, along with Lesk’s important question which he asked over a decade ago, but which will be considered here.

The Dangers of Cell Phone Use While Driving

In today’s society, most people communicate using of cell phones. Just 15 to 20 years ago, cell phones were a rarity for the average person. The average income person could not afford a cell phone. Today, cell phones are affordable and the majority of people own them. The days of waiting until you are home to use a telephone or searching for a pay phone if you are out are long gone. In fact, pay phones are being removed, which increases the need for a cell phone. The government will provide a cell phone with limited monthly service for those that are low income and meet certain criteria. The cell phone has also created people to feel the need to be accessible to constant communication. The major problem lies with cell phone use while driving, which presents a constant danger on the road. In many instances, it is a deadly danger. Based on my experience and experiences of those I know, I believe that law should ban all cell phone use. Laws have passed recently restricting the use to a hands free device while driving. I feel this is a good move in the right direction however; a hands free device can be equally as distraction. Some claim the distraction is no different from changing a radio station or taking a sip of your beverage. I do not believe this claim to be true. I cannot count the number of times I have witnessed a driver using their cell phone, not giving their full attention to the traffic. I have witnessed drivers pull out directly in front of on coming vehicles barely avoiding an accident. My adult children are prime examples of this practice. I have been a passenger with them while they take a call or look at a text message. During the conversation or glancing at the text message; they have crossed the centerline, weaved over onto the shoulder of the road, and swerved within their lane. I fear for their safety, others safety, and my own. Many feel the use of a hands free device is safer. In many ways, it is safer but still is a major distraction. A friend of my son was in a deadly accident while using his hands free device. He was riding his motorcycle and having a conversation on his â€Å"Bluetooth†. He was speaking to a friend and told them he was going to pass a trash truck. He was traveling on a single lane roadway. While passing at a high rate of speed he lost control. The friend heard what was happening. The young man was thrown over the front of the motorcycle landing on his head. His neck was broken. He was paralyzed from the head down and was only able to mouth words as his larynx was paralyzed. He was mouthing the words, â€Å"let me go†. After a year, his parents made the agonizing decision to remove him from the ventilator. He died shortly after at the young age of 22. I cannot help but wonder had he not been talking on the phone would he have made a better decision about passing the trash truck. Most people feel these horrors cannot happen to them. Driving any vehicle requires full attention. I believe that using a cell phone can be as impairing as driving while under the influence of alcohol. Many laws have passed in Maryland and nationwide concerning the issue. I feel the laws are necessary and should go a stop further with a full ban. A full ban would save many lives across the state and the nation.

Practice And Implementation Of The Hydro Deoxygenation...

Practice and Implementation Existing and future practices The current main goal of this particular catalyst is to aid a process that will produce fully sustainable biofuels that will be used in conventional engines. Usually, different processes will require different catalysts to aid the reactions that take place in the particular process. This means that this particular nanometal catalyst might only be useful in the hydro-deoxygenation process. The only way to determine that this particular catalyst can aid another process is by laboratory testing and simulation software. However, nanometal catalysts are really promising and will definitely play a significant role in the future of industrial processes. A potential future use of this particular nanometal catalyst could lie in recycling plastics. Plastics are polymers that mostly contain carbon as well as other compounds linked to it.[3] This nanometal catalyst aids the breaking of the carbon-oxygen bond which could possibly be useful for recycling purposes. [8] In general, nanometal particles already have numerous applications. One of the most important ones is in medicine. They can be used to deliver drugs to specific regions of the human body (mostly used for tumors), they can act as antioxidants or even treat people with chronic bacterial diseases.[9] An additional use of nanometal particles, is in electronics as they are being used to produce low-cost electrodes for fuel cells and are used as a coating to the anodes of